Polimorfismos de los genes del sistema leptina-melanocortina asociados con la obesidad en la población adulta de Barranquilla

Pilar Garavito, María Isabel Mosquera-Heredia , Luis Fang , Fausto Payares, Martha Ruiz, Isis Arias, Rafael Tuesca, Édgar Navarro, Carlos Silvera-Redondo , .

Palabras clave: obesidad/genética, polimorfismo genético

Resumen

Introducción. La obesidad se considera un grave problema de salud pública y por ello se hacen esfuerzos en la búsqueda de genes como el LEP, el LEPR y el MC4R del sistema leptina-melanocortina, el cual opera en la regulación neuroendocrina de la ingestión y el equilibrio energético e influye en la patogenia de la enfermedad. Los resultados contradictorios en torno a la asociación de estos genes con la obesidad plantean la necesidad de nuevas investigaciones.
Objetivo. Analizar los polimorfismos rs2167270 del gen LEP, rs1137101 del gen LEPR y rs17782313 del gen MC4R asociados con la obesidad y sus variables clínicas y bioquímicas en una muestra de pacientes adultos de Barranquilla.
Materiales y métodos. Se estudiaron 111 personas obesas y 155 no obesas como controles. Los polimorfismos se determinaron mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) en tiempo real. Se tomaron las medidas antropométricas, se evaluó la presión arterial y se hicieron pruebas bioquímicas.
Resultados. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticas en la frecuencia alélica y genotípica de los polimorfismos en los grupos estudiados. En cuanto a las variables clínicas y bioquímicas, el genotipo CC del polimorfismo rs17782313 del gen MC4R, se asoció con un aumento de la presión arterial sistólica y, el alelo T y su genotipo homocigoto, con una disminución del colesterol HDL en los obesos. No se evidenció ningún efecto de los otros polimorfismos en estas variables.
Conclusiones. Los polimorfismos rs2167270 del gen LEP, rs1137101 del gen LEPR y rs17782313 del gen MC4R, no se asociaron con obesidad en la población analizada. Se encontró que el polimorfismo rs17782313 del gen MC4R influyó en el aumento de la presión arterial sistólica y la disminución del colesterol HDL en las personas obesas.

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Cómo citar
1.
Garavito P, Mosquera-Heredia MI, Fang L, Payares F, Ruiz M, Arias I, et al. Polimorfismos de los genes del sistema leptina-melanocortina asociados con la obesidad en la población adulta de Barranquilla. biomedica [Internet]. 15 de junio de 2020 [citado 25 de abril de 2024];40(2):257-69. Disponible en: https://revistabiomedica.org/index.php/biomedica/article/view/4827

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