Sarcopenia y albúmina sanguínea: revisión sistemática con metaanálisis

Jack Roberto Silva-Fhon, Violeta Magdalena Rojas-Huayta, Juan Pablo Aparco-Balboa, Bernardo Céspedes-Panduro, Rosalina Aparecida Partezani-Rodrigues, .

Palabras clave: Sarcopenia, Albuminas, Biomarcadores, Revisión sistemática, Metaanálisis, Envejecimiento, anciano

Resumen

La sarcopenia se caracteriza por la pérdida de musculatura durante el envejecimiento, lo que puede traer consecuencias para la salud. Se detecta de diversas formas, una de ellas, el uso de biomarcadores sanguíneos como la albúmina, aunque todavía no se ha establecido dicha asociación de forma definitiva.
Esta revisión sistemática y metaanálisis resume el conocimiento sobre la asociación entre sarcopenia y albúmina sérica en los adultos mayores, centrada en la etiología y los factores de riesgo. La revisión se hizo utilizando el programa del Joanna Briggs Institute y la búsqueda incluyó las bases de datos Medline, Embase, CINAHL, y LILACS; la búsqueda manual estuvo a cargo de dos revisores de forma independiente. Para el metaanálisis, se utilizó el programa EpiDat, versión 3.1; las diferencias de medias en los puntajes de lbúmina desagregados por sarcopenia se analizaron mediante el modelo de efectos aleatorios. El grado de heterogeneidad se evaluó con la prueba Q de DerSimonian y Laird.
Se analizaron 630 artículos, de los cuales 14 se incluyeron en la revisión. En el metaanálisis, se evidenciaron mayores cantidades de albúmina sanguínea en los adultos mayores que no presentaron sarcopenia frente a los que sí, una diferencia con significación estadística. Aunque hay estudios en los que se explora la asociación entre albúmina y sarcopenia, persiste la necesidad de evaluar la asociación entre los marcadores biológicos, comparándolos entre sí para determinar cuáles pueden utilizarse en la detección de sarcopenia en el adulto mayor.

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  • Jack Roberto Silva-Fhon Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil; Centro Brasileiro para o Cuidado à Saúde Baseado em Evidências: Centro de Evidência do JBI, São Paulo, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1880-4379
  • Violeta Magdalena Rojas-Huayta Núcleo de Investigación en Alimentación y Nutrición Pública, Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0018-8851
  • Juan Pablo Aparco-Balboa Núcleo de Investigación en Alimentación y Nutrición Pública, Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9159-7997
  • Bernardo Céspedes-Panduro Núcleo de Investigación en Alimentación y Nutrición Pública, Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú; Escuela de Estadística, Facultad de Matemáticas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú; Facultad de Estudios Generales, Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9606-1478
  • Rosalina Aparecida Partezani-Rodrigues Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8916-1078

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Cómo citar
1.
Silva-Fhon JR, Rojas-Huayta VM, Aparco-Balboa JP, Céspedes-Panduro B, Partezani-Rodrigues RA. Sarcopenia y albúmina sanguínea: revisión sistemática con metaanálisis. biomedica [Internet]. 22 de septiembre de 2021 [citado 28 de marzo de 2024];41(3):590-603. Disponible en: https://revistabiomedica.org/index.php/biomedica/article/view/5765

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2021-09-22
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