Interacciones genotóxicas de mutágenos en mezclas binarias mediante ensayo cometa alcalino en linfocitos humanos

Isabel C. Ortiz, Carlos A. Peláez, Luz Yaneth Orozco, Margarita Zuleta, .

Resumen

Introducción. Los mutágenos contenidos en mezclas complejas presentan interacciones desinergismo, aditivas o antagónicas. Se han desarrollado enfoques experimentales que permitandilucidar el responsable de las interacciones en la mezcla.

Objetivo. Desarrollar un diseño experimental para comprender los procesos que se llevan a caboentre los compuestos presentes en las mezclas complejas.

Materiales y métodos. Se expusieron linfocitos humanos a mezclas binarias de mutágenos B[a]P,DMBA, Trp-P-1 y MX durante una hora, con activación metabólica y sin ella. La viabilidad se evaluócon azul de tripano y, la genotoxicidad, con cometa alcalino.

Resultados. Ningún hidrocarburo tuvo efecto con furanona. Con S9 y sin él, se observó que sepresentaban interacciones tóxicas entre hidrocarburos. Se observó sinergismo sin S9 entre B[a]P yTrp-P-1 y, con actividad metabólica, entre DMBA y Trp-P-1. Sin S9 se observó interacción antagónicaentre Trp-P-1 y DMBA y, con S9, entre Trp-P-1 y MX y entre MX y DMBA. Se observó un incrementodependiente de la dosis en la longitud de la cola. Hubo daño genotóxico medio y aumento de lascélulas dañadas. Para todas las mezclas se pudo determinar la concentración mínima en la que seobservaban efectos adversos y solo para algunas se determinó la concentración máxima en la cual nose observaron efectos adversos.

Conclusión. Se hace un aporte para comprender los procesos que ocurren cuando en una mezclahay presentes, al menos, dos mutágenos y se valida un modelo de análisis que permite dilucidar elcompuesto que tiene efecto sobre otro. También, se demostró que según el tipo de compuestos en lamezcla, se tendrá o no un umbral de riesgo.

 

doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v32i3.739

 

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  • Isabel C. Ortiz Grupo de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia
  • Carlos A. Peláez Grupo Interdisciplinario de Estudios Moleculares, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
  • Luz Yaneth Orozco Grupo de Gestión y Modelación Ambiental, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
  • Margarita Zuleta

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Cómo citar
1.
Ortiz IC, Peláez CA, Orozco LY, Zuleta M. Interacciones genotóxicas de mutágenos en mezclas binarias mediante ensayo cometa alcalino en linfocitos humanos. biomedica [Internet]. 9 de mayo de 2012 [citado 28 de marzo de 2024];32(3):437-48. Disponible en: https://revistabiomedica.org/index.php/biomedica/article/view/739
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2012-05-09
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