Validation by hydrodensitometry of skinfold thickness equations used for female body composition assessment
Keywords:
Validation studies, densitometry, anthropometry, skinfold thickness, body composition, body mass index, female
Abstract
Introduction. Skinfold thickness equations are widely used for body composition assessment. However the equations have not been validated in Colombia with a reference method. Objective. The skinfold thickness equations of Durning/Womersley, Jackson/Pollock and Ramírez/Torun were validated by hydrodensitometry in female from 18 to 40 years old. Materials and methods. The percentage of body fat was compared among 52 women, using underwater weighing (Chatillon scale) with simultaneous measured of residual lung volume (VMAX 22 Sensormedics spirometer) and skinfold thickness (Harpenden caliper) equations of Durning/Womersley, Jackson/Pollock and Ramírez/Torun. The statistic analysis included paired t test, Pearson and intraclass correlation coefficients, and the Bland-Altman method. Results. The mean percentage of body fat by hydrodensitometry (29.6±5.8%) was different (p Conclusion. The skinfold thickness equations showed poor validity for body fat assessment. The equations had significant differences and lower correlation coefficients with hydrodensitometry. In addition, the equations indicated agreement with hydrodensitometry over very wide limits. The outcomes suggested that the results obtained by hydrodensitometry were neither comparable nor interchangeable with those from Durning/Womersley, Jackson/Pollock y Ramírez/Torun skinfold thickness equations.Downloads
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References
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18. Marfell-Jones M. Kinanthropometric assessement. Guidelines for athlete assessement in New Zealand sport kinanthropometric assessement. 2000. [Consultado: 3 de mayo de 2006]. Disponible en: http://www.ljmu.ac.uk/ECL/ECL_docs/2.08_ KinanthrEometric_Asses.pdf
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25. Lohman TG. Basic concepts in body composition assessment. In: Lohman TG, editor. Advances in body composition assessment. Champaign IL: Human Kinetics Publishers; 1992. p. 1-5.
26. Lohman TG. Prediction equations and skinfolds, bioelectric impedance, and body mass index. In: Lohman TG, editor. Advances in body composition assessment. Champaign IL: Human Kinetics Publishers; 1992. p. 37-56.
27. Zillikens MC, Conwa JM. Anthropometry in blacks: applicability of generalized skinfold equations and differences in fat patterning between blacks and whites. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990;52:45-51.
28. Norton K. Estimación antropométrica de la grasa o adiposidad. En: Norton K, Olds T, editors. Antropo-métrica. Rosario: Biosystem Servicio Educativo; 2000. p. 116-36.
29. Eston RG, Fu F, Fung L. Validity of conventional anthropometric techniques for predicting body composition in healthy Chinese adults. Br J Sports Med. 1995;29:52-6.
30. Peterson MJ, Czerwinski SA, Siervogel M. Development and validation of skinfold-thickness prediction equations with a 4-compartment model. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;77:1186-91.
31. Moreno VM, Gómez JB, Antoranz MJ. Medición de la grasa corporal mediante impedancia bioeléctrica, pliegues cutáneos y ecuaciones a partir de medidas antropométricas. Análisis comparativo. Rev Esp Salud Pública. 2001;75:221-36.
32. Wang J, Thornton JC, Russell M, Burastero S, Heymsfield S, Pierson RN. Asians have lower body mass index (BMI) but higher percent body fat than do whites: comparisons of anthropometric measurements. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994;60:23-8.
33. Casas G, Schiller BC. DeSouza CA,Seals DR. Total and regional body composition across age in healthy Hispanic and white women of similar socioeconomic status. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73:13-8.
2. Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar. Valoración del estado nutricional por indicadores antropométricos. Encuesta Nacional de la Situación Nutricional en Colombia. Bogotá D.C: Panamericana Formas e Impresos S.A.; 2005. p. 69-122.
3. Oliveira FL, Taddei JA, Escrivão MA, Cobayashi F, Barros ME, Vítolo MR, et al. Accuracy of obesity diagnosis in Brazilian adolescents: comparison of Cole et al and Must et al criteria with DXA percentage of fat mass. Nutr Hosp. 2006;21:484-90.
4. Womersley J. A comparison of the skinfold method with extent of "overweight" and various weight-height relationships in assessment of obesity. Br J Nutr. 1977; 38:271-84.
5. Wang WW, Stuff JE, Butle NF, Smith EO, Ellis KJ. Estimating body fat in African American and white adolescent girls: a comparison of skinfold-thickness equations with a 4-compartment criterion model. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;72:348-54.
6. Smalley KJ, Knerr AN, Kendrick ZV, Colliver JA, Owen OE. Reassessment of body mass indices. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990;52:405-8.
7. Brodie DA. Techniques of measurement of body composition. Part I. Sports Med. 1988;5:11-40.
8. Going SB. Densitometry. In: Roche AF, Heymsfield SB, Lohman TG, editors. Human body composition. Champaign IL: Human Kinetics Publishers; 1996. p. 3-22.
9. Durnin JV, Rahaman MM. The assessment of the amount of fat in the human body from measurements of skinfold thickness. Br J Nutr. 1967;21:681-9.
10. Lohman TG. Skinfolds and body density and their relation to body fatness: A review. Hum Biol. 1981;53: 181-225.
11. Jackson AS, Pollock ML. Generalized equations for predicting body density of men. Br J Nutr. 1978;40:497-504.
12. Jackson AS, Pollock ML. Practical assessment of body composition. Phys Sports Med. 1985;13:76-89.
13. Bellizari A, Roche AF. Antropometría y ecografía In: Heymsfield SB, Lohman TG, Wang ZM, Going SB. Composición corporal. 2ª Edición. México D.F.: McGraw-Hill; 2005. p. 109-28.
14. Deurenberg P, Deurenberg-Yap M. Validity of body composition methods across ethnic population groups. Acta Diabetol. 2003;40(Suppl.1):S246-9.
15. Durnin JV, Womersley J. Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skin fold thickness: measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years. Br J Nutr. 1974;32:77-97.
16. Ramirez-Zea M, Torun B, Martorell R, Stein AD. Anthropometric predictors of body fat as measured by hydrostatic weighing in Guatemalan adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006; 83:795-802.
17. Harrison G, Buskirk ER, Carter JE, Johnston FE, Lohman TG, Pollock ML, et al. Skinfold thicknesses and measurement technique. In: Lohman TG, Roche AF, Martorell R, editors. Antropometric standardization reference manual. Champaign IL: Human Kinetics Publishers; 1988. p. 55-70.
18. Marfell-Jones M. Kinanthropometric assessement. Guidelines for athlete assessement in New Zealand sport kinanthropometric assessement. 2000. [Consultado: 3 de mayo de 2006]. Disponible en: http://www.ljmu.ac.uk/ECL/ECL_docs/2.08_ KinanthrEometric_Asses.pdf
19. Bellido D, Carreira J. Desarrollo de ecuaciones predictivas para el cálculo de composición corporal por impedanciometría. Rev Esp Obes. 2006;4:97-106.
20. Bland JM, Altman DG. Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet. 1986;1:307-10.
21. Mantha S, Roizen MF, Fleisher LA, Thisted R, Foss J. Comparing methods of clinical measurement: reporting standards for bland and altman analysis. Anesth Analg. 2000;90:593-602.
22. Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observed agreement for categorical data. Biometrics. 1997;33: 159-74.
23. Barnhart HX. Lokhnygina,Y, Kosinski AS, Haber M. Comparison of concordance correlation coefficient and coefficient of individual agreement in assessing agreement. J Biopharm Stat. 2007;17:721-38.
24. Sociedad Española para el Estudio de la Obesidad (SEEDO). Consenso SEEDO 2000 para la evaluación del sobrepeso y la obesidad y el establecimiento de criterios de intervención terapéutica. Med Clin (Barc) 2000;115:589-97.
25. Lohman TG. Basic concepts in body composition assessment. In: Lohman TG, editor. Advances in body composition assessment. Champaign IL: Human Kinetics Publishers; 1992. p. 1-5.
26. Lohman TG. Prediction equations and skinfolds, bioelectric impedance, and body mass index. In: Lohman TG, editor. Advances in body composition assessment. Champaign IL: Human Kinetics Publishers; 1992. p. 37-56.
27. Zillikens MC, Conwa JM. Anthropometry in blacks: applicability of generalized skinfold equations and differences in fat patterning between blacks and whites. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990;52:45-51.
28. Norton K. Estimación antropométrica de la grasa o adiposidad. En: Norton K, Olds T, editors. Antropo-métrica. Rosario: Biosystem Servicio Educativo; 2000. p. 116-36.
29. Eston RG, Fu F, Fung L. Validity of conventional anthropometric techniques for predicting body composition in healthy Chinese adults. Br J Sports Med. 1995;29:52-6.
30. Peterson MJ, Czerwinski SA, Siervogel M. Development and validation of skinfold-thickness prediction equations with a 4-compartment model. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;77:1186-91.
31. Moreno VM, Gómez JB, Antoranz MJ. Medición de la grasa corporal mediante impedancia bioeléctrica, pliegues cutáneos y ecuaciones a partir de medidas antropométricas. Análisis comparativo. Rev Esp Salud Pública. 2001;75:221-36.
32. Wang J, Thornton JC, Russell M, Burastero S, Heymsfield S, Pierson RN. Asians have lower body mass index (BMI) but higher percent body fat than do whites: comparisons of anthropometric measurements. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994;60:23-8.
33. Casas G, Schiller BC. DeSouza CA,Seals DR. Total and regional body composition across age in healthy Hispanic and white women of similar socioeconomic status. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73:13-8.
How to Cite
1.
Aristizábal JC, Restrepo MT, López A. Validation by hydrodensitometry of skinfold thickness equations used for female body composition assessment. biomedica [Internet]. 2008 Sep. 1 [cited 2024 May 18];28(3):404-13. Available from: https://revistabiomedica.org/index.php/biomedica/article/view/78
Published
2008-09-01
Issue
Section
Original articles
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