Perfíl lipídico en una comunidad de Calarcá, Colombia

Abstract

Heart disease (HD) in general and ischemic cardiopathy in particular constitute an important public health problem dueto the impact of their high mortality, morbidity, medical costs and lost workdays due to its incapacitating influence. These pathologies constitute the major cause of death in the Colombian adult population, following violent deaths. Several regional studies of plasma lipid behaviour in the population have been made, however their characterisation in other regions in order to establish supervisory policies for HD prevention and control at individual as well as whole population level has been made necessaty. This work attempts to contribute to lipid level behaviour study in Colombian populations. Total cholesterol levels (TC), cholesterol in high density lipoproteins (C-HDL), cholesterol in low density lipoproteins (C-LDL) and triglycerides (TG) were determined in 71 male volunteers' serum, ages ranging from 20 to 70 years old. Enzymatic methods were employed (Boehringer Manheinn reagents). This study's results show that 21 .l%of th e population present TC higherthan 200 mgIdL, 66.6% C-HDL under 35 mgldl, 5.6% C-LDL higherthan 150 mg/dL and 36.6% presented TG higher than 150 mg/dL. This data shows that for this population the CHD (C-HDL) protective factor is seriously affected and furthermore presents an isolated hypertriglyceridemia. High incidences of non-lipid risk factors, such as bodymass, smoking, family antecedents and age, were recorded on the lipid profile's values. The results obtained in this study are like those found in developing countries' populations and are also like those found in Colombian population studies. Therefore, preventative and educational strategies must be implemented to control HD.