Prevalence of gestational malaria in Ecuador
Abstract
Introduction: Gestational malaria, defined as the presence of Plasmodium spp. in maternal peripheral blood or in the placenta, is considered an important public health problem in tropical and subtropical regions.
Objective: To determine the frequency of gestational malaria cases diagnosed in Ecuador between 2015 and 2018.
Materials and methods: We conducted a descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study.
Results: There were 46 cases of gestational malaria between 2015 and 2018: 25 caused by Plasmodium falciparum and 21 by Plasmodium vivax. The year with the most cases in this period was 2018. The age group most affected was 20 to 29 years old with 21 cases (46%). Prevalence was found to be highest in the second trimester of pregnancy with 17 cases (37%). A significant difference was only observed between cases per year and parasitic species.
Conclusion: The prevalence of gestational malaria in Ecuador increased in the last five years. Therefore, it is important to inform pregnant women about preventive measures to avoid infection given its serious consequences both for the mother and her unborn child.
Downloads
References
Piñeros G, Blair S. Malaria y embarazo. Infectio. 2007;6:168-76.
Prieto L, Cortés M, Cabrillo E, González-González A. Malaria y embarazo. Prog Obstet Ginecol. 2005;48:23-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-5013(05)72351-7
Parekh F, Hernández J, Krogstad D, Casapia W, Branch O. Prevalence and risk of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax malaria among pregnant women living in the hypoendemic communities of the Peruvian Amazon. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007;77:451-7.
OPS/OMS. Ecuador. La malaria sigue siendo un desafío para los países de la región. 2015. Fecha de consulta: 20 de enero de 2021. Disponible en: https://www.paho.org/ecu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=98:la-malaria-sigue-siendo-un-desafio-paisesregion&Itemid=360
Jadan-Solis K, Alban-Meneses C, Salazar-Carranza A, Cruz-Fonseca L, Torres-Céspedes I, Scrich-Vázquez A. Caracterización del paludismo como enfermedad endémica en Ecuador. Rev Arch Med Camagüey. 2019;23:540-58.
Organización Mundial de la Salud. Paludismo. Datos y cifras. 2020. Fecha de consulta: 8 de junio de 2021. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria
World Health Organization. Eliminating malaria. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016. Fecha de consulta 18 de mayo de 2021. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/malaria/publications/atoz/eliminating-malaria/en/
Purizaca M. La malaria en la gestación. Rev Per Ginecol Obstet. 2008;54:131-42.
Nogueira G, Silva A, Alves A. Levantamento dos casos de malária gestacional no municipio de Porto Velho, Rondônia no período de 2014 a 2018. Rev Saber Cient. 2018;1-12.
Okoko B, Enwere G, Ota M. The epidemiology and consequences of maternal malaria: A review of immunological basis. Acta Trop. 2003;97:193-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-706X(03)00097-4
Sohail M, Shakee S, Kumari S, Bharti A, Zahid F, Anwar S, et al. Prevalence of malaria infection and risk factors associated with anaemia among pregnant women in semiurban community of Hazaribag, Jharkhand, India. BioMed Res Int. 2015:2015:740512. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/740512
Fernández RD, García Y, Alger J. Malaria y embarazo: observaciones clínico-epidemiológicas en dos zonas geográficas de Honduras. Rev Med Hond. 2001;69:8-18.
Adam I, Khamis A, Elbashir M. Prevalence and risk factors for Plasmodium falciparum malaria in pregnant women of eastern Sudan. Malaria J. 2005,4:18. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-4-18
Carmona-Fonseca J, Maestre A. Incidencia de las malarias gestacional, congénita y placentaria en Urabá (Antioquia, Colombia), 2005-2007. Rev Colomb Obst Ginecol. 2009;60:19-33. https://doi.org/10.18597/rcog.351
Tobón-Castaño A, Betancur J. Malaria grave en mujeres gestantes hospitalizadas entre el 2010 y el 2014 en el departamento de Antioquia, Colombia. Biomédica. 2019;39:354-69. https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v39i3.4403
Feleke D, Adamu A, Gebreweld A, Tesfaye M, Demisiss W, Molla G. Asymptomatic malaria infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care in malaria endemic areas of North‑Shoa, Ethiopia: A cross‑sectional study. Malar J. 2020;19:67. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-3152-9
López‑Pérez M, Pacheco A, Buriticá L, Escalante A, Herrera S, Arévalo-Herrera M. Malaria in pregnancy: A passive surveillance study of pregnant women in low transmission areas of Colombia, Latin America. Malar J. 2016;15:66. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1125-9
Carlos B, Rona L, Christophides G, Souza-Neto S. A comprehensive analysis of malaria transmission in Brazil. Pathog Glob Health 2019;113:1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/20477724.2019.1581463
Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Salud. Dirección Vigilancia Epidemiológica MPPS 2016. Dirección General de Salud Ambiental. Fecha de consulta 18 de mayo de 2021. Disponible en: https://www.ovsalud.org/descargas/publicaciones/documentos-oficiales/Boletin-Epidemiologico-2016.pdf
Murillo O, Padilla J, Escobar J, Morales C. Desafíos hacia la eliminación de la malaria urbana/peri en Guapi (Colombia), 2016. Entramado. 2018;14:272-84. https://doi.org/10.18041/1900-3803/entramado.2.4765
Sanabria H, Hernández A, Villafuerte A, Erazo P. Percepción y condiciones de trabajo de personas que tuvieron malaria. Rev Perú Med Exp Salud Pública. 2004;21:210-6.
Balami AD, Salmiah MS, Nor Afiah MZ. Malaria in pregnancy: A comprehensive review. International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences. 2018 5:17-30.
Vera-Arias C, Castro E, Gómez-Obando J, Sáenz F. Diverse origin of Plasmodium falciparum in northwest Ecuador. Malar J. 2019;18:251. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2891-y
Gómez E, López E. Malaria y embarazo. Parroquia San Isidro, municipio Sifontes, estado Bolívar, Venezuela, años 2005-2006. Invest Clín. 2009;50:455-64.
Purizaca-Benites M. Malaria gestacional. Rev Per Ginecol Obstet. 2010;56:193-201.
Brummaier T, Gilder M, Gornsawun G, Chu C, Bancone G, Pimanpanarak M, et al. Vivax malaria in pregnancy and lactation: A long way to health equity. Malar J. 2020;19:40. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-3123-1
Sáenz F, Morton L, Okoth S, Valenzuela G, Vera-Arias C, Vélez-Álvarez E, et al. Clonal population expansion in an outbreak of Plasmodium falciparum on the northwest coast of Ecuador. Malar J. 2015;13:497. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-015-1019-2
Jarude R, Trindade R, Tavarez-Neto J. Malária em grávidas de una maternidade pública de rio Branco (Acre, Brasil). Rev Bras Ginceol Obstet 2003;25:149-54. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-72032003000300002
Santos R, Araujo O. Malária na gestação. Estação Científica (UNIFAP). 2011;1:45-53.
Ministerio de Salud Pública. Dirección de Vigilancia Epidemiológica. Gacetas Vectoriales. Fecha de consulta: 18 de mayo de 2021. Disponible en: https://www.salud.gob.ec/gacetas-vectoriales/
Salazar-Costa B, Vera-Arias C, Tamayo MI, Yumiseva C, Cagua-Ordóñez JC, Gómez-Obando J, et al. Alta prevalencia de infecciones asintomáticas de malaria en la frontera Ecuador Colombia. Práctica Familiar Rural. 2020;5. https://doi.org/10.23936/pfr.v5i2.157
Mosquera‑Romero M, Zuluaga‑Idarraga L, Tobón‑Castaño A. Challenges for the diagnosis and treatment of malaria in low transmission settings in San Lorenzo, Esmeraldas, Ecuador. Malar J. 2018;17:440. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2591-z
Some similar items:
- Alberto Tobón-Castaño, John Edison Betancur, Severe malaria in pregnant women hospitalized between 2010 and 2014 in the Department of Antioquia (Colombia) , Biomedica: Vol. 39 No. 2 (2019)
- Alberto Tobón-Castaño, Cecilia Giraldo-Castro, Silvia Blair, Prognostic value of clinical and parasitological signs for severe malaria in patients from Colombia , Biomedica: Vol. 32 (2012): Suplemento 1, Malaria
- Sandra Milena Barrera, Manuel Alberto Pérez, Angélica Knudson, Rubén Santiago Nicholls, Ángela Patricia Guerra, Genotypic survery of Plasmodium falciparum based on the msp1, msp2 and glurp genes by multiplex PCR , Biomedica: Vol. 30 No. 4 (2010)
- Margarita Arboleda, María Fernanda Pérez, Diana Fernández, Luz Yaned Usuga, Miler Meza, Clinical and laboratory profile of Plasmodium vivax malaria patients hospitalized in Apartadó, , Biomedica: Vol. 32 (2012): Suplemento 1, Malaria
- Juan Gabriel Piñeros, Margarita Arboleda, Juan Camilo Jaramillo, Silvia Blair, Report of five cases of severe neonatal Plasmodium vivax malaria in Urabá, Colombia , Biomedica: Vol. 28 No. 4 (2008)
- Amanda Maestre, Jaime Carmona-Fonseca, Amanda Maestre, Alta frecuencia de mutaciones puntuales en pfcrt de Plasmodium falciparum y emergencia de nuevos haplotipos mutantes en Colombia , Biomedica: Vol. 28 No. 4 (2008)
- Silvia Blair, Ana Mercedes Rada, Carolina Moreno, Successful in vitro culture of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes , Biomedica: Vol. 28 No. 4 (2008)
- Jaime Carmona-Fonseca, Eliana Arango, Silvia Blair, Gametocytemia in falciparum malaria treated with amodiaquine or artesunate , Biomedica: Vol. 28 No. 2 (2008)
- Angélica Knudson, Rubén Santiago Nicholls, Ángela Patricia Guerra, Ricardo Sánchez, Clinical profiles of patients with uncomplicated Plasmodum falciparum malaria in northwestern Colombia , Biomedica: Vol. 27 No. 4 (2007)
- Nohora Marcela Mendoza, Marisol García, Liliana Jazmín Cortés, Claudia Vela, Rigoberto Erazo, Pilar Pérez, Olga Lucía Ospina, Javier Darío Burgos, Evaluation of two rapid diagnostic tests, NOW® ICT Malaria Pf/Pv and OptiMAL®, for diagnosis of malaria , Biomedica: Vol. 27 No. 4 (2007)
Article metrics | |
---|---|
Abstract views | |
Galley vies | |
PDF Views | |
HTML views | |
Other views |