Mayor frecuencia de aberraciones cromosómicas en linfocitos expuestos o no a mitomicina C, de mujeres posmenopáusicas obesas en comparación con mujeres no obesas del departamento del Cauca, Colombia
Resumen
Introducción. Los estudios epidemiológicos indican que la obesidad está asociada en el 25 al 30 %con varios tipos de cáncer.
Objetivo. Evaluar la frecuencia de aberraciones cromosómicas en linfocitos de mujeresposmenopáusicas obesas y no obesas, mediante la prueba de reto celular (challenge assay) comobiomarcador de inestabilidad genómica.
Materiales y métodos. Cuarenta mujeres posmenopáusicas fueron incluidas en el estudio (20 obesasy 20 no obesas). Los grupos fueron pareados según edad (± 5 años) y procedencia. Después de la firmavoluntaria del consentimiento informado, las mujeres fueron entrevistadas y se les tomó una muestra de5 ml de sangre periférica. Se establecieron cultivos de linfocitos con tratamiento con mitomicina C y sinél (prueba de reto celular) y, posteriormente, se registró la frecuencia de aberraciones cromosómicaspara cada grupo y tratamiento.
Resultados. En general, las mujeres obesas presentaron una mayor frecuencia de aberracionescromosómicas en comparación con las no obesas. Después de exponer los cultivos celularesa mitomicina C, las mujeres obesas presentaron un incremento en el número de aberracionescromosómicas totales en comparación con las no obesas (3,74±0,63 Vs. 2,70±0,61; p=0,001).Conclusiones. La mayor frecuencia de aberraciones cromosómicas en los linfocitos de mujeresposmenopáusicas obesas que en no obesas, sugiere diferencias en la capacidad de reparación delADN, lo cual podría explicar la asociación entre la inestabilidad genómica y la mayor incidencia decáncer en esta población.
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v32i3.412
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