Surveillance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to antituberculosis drugs
Keywords:
Tuberculosis, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, drug resistance, susceptibility
Abstract
Introduction. Tuberculosis is an important cause of disease and death worldwide. An estimated 8.8 million new cases occurred in 2005 with 1.6 million deaths, including 195,000 among HIV infected people. According to World Health Organization, the incidence rate was stable or in decline worldwide; however, the total number of new cases rose due to regional increases. Anti-TB drug resistance is a significant public health problem and an obstacle for its control worldwide. Therefore, measures must be taken for the adequate management of patients and the adoption of strategies to prevent TB dissemination.Objective. The prevalence of resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was determined in untreated cases and in previously treated cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in Colombia.
Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study determined the prevalence of resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to antituberculosis drugs in 1,189 untreated cases or previously treated cases of pulmonary tuberculosis between the years 2004 and 2005. Cultures were collected throughout the country for this one-year period. Drug susceptibility of the isolates was tested by the simplified variant of the Cannetti, Risk and Grooset multiple proportions technique.
Results. The global resistance rate of 925 untreated patients was 11.8% (95% CI: 9-14%) and the rate of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis was 2.4% (95% CI: 1.6-3.6%). Among 264 previously treated patients, the rate of global resistance was 44.3% (95% CI: 38-50%) and that of multidrug resistance was 31.4% (95%CI: 26-37%).
Conclusions. When compared to previous studies, these data show that there has not been a significant increase in drug resistance. The findings indicate that the current treatment scheme provided by the National Tuberculosis Program is adequate.
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References
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2. World Health Organization. Directrices para el tratamiento programático de la tuberculosis drogorresistente. Geneve: World Health Organization; 2006. p. 361.
3. Ministerio de la Protección Social, Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Situación de Salud en Colombia. Indicadores básicos. Bogotá: Ministerio de la Protección Social; 2006.
4. Orozco LC, Aparicio G, Quintero O, Giraldo E, Ulloa I, León CI. Resistencia de M. tuberculosis a los fármacos. Biomédica. 1981;1:130-4.
5. León CI, Sierra C, Naranjo N, Garzón MC, Guerrero MI. Segundo estudio nacional de resistencia primaria del M. tuberculosis a las drogas antituberculosas en Colombia. Infectio. 2002;6:83.
6. World Health Organization/International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. Global project on antituberculosis drug resistance surveillance.Guidelines for surveillance of drug resistance in tuberculosis. Geneve: World Health Organization; 2002.
7. Canetti G, Rist N, Grosset J. Medida de la sensibilidad del bacilo tuberculoso a las drogas antibacilares por el método de las proporciones. Buenos Aires: Dirección Lucha Antituberculosa; 1965.
8. Canetti G, Wallace F, Khomenko A, Mahler HT, Menon NK, Rist N, et al. Advances in techniques of testing mycobacterial drug sensitivity and the use of sensitivity tests in tuberculosis control programs. Bull WHO. 1969;41:21-43.
9. Garzón M, Naranjo N, Sierra C, Llerena C, Orjuela D. Bacteriología del M. tuberculosis y micobacterias no tuberculosas. Manual de procedimientos. Bogotá:Instituto Nacional de Salud; 2002.
10. Orozco LC, León CI, Giraldo de BE, Quintero de RO, Ulloa de MI. El cultivo de esputo para el diagnóstico de la tuberculosis pulmonar. Biomédica 1985;5:24-6.
11. Kudoh S, Kudoh A. A simple technique for culturing tubercle bacilli. Bull WHO. 1974;51:71-84.
12. Laszlo A, Rahman M, Raviglione M, Bustreo F. Quality assurance programme for drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the WHO/IUATLD Supranational Laboratory Network: first round of proficiency testing. Int Tuberc Lung Dis. 1997;1:231-8.
13. World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis programme. Surveillance of drug resistance in tuberculosis. A user’s guide to the software: SDRTB 4.0. Geneve: World Health Organization; 1996. p. 2.
14. World Health Organization. Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in the world. Report No. 3. Geneve: World Health Organization; 2004.
15. Dirección General de Salud. Ministerio de Salud, Colombia. Normas técnicas y guías de atención. Resolución 00412 febrero 25 de 2000. Guías de Atención de la Tuberculosis pulmonar y extrapulmonar. Bogotá: Ministerio de Salud; 2000. p. 1-44.
16. Organización Mundial de la Salud. Plan mundial para detener la tuberculosis 2006-2015. Ginebra: Organización Mundial de la Salud; 2006.
17. Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Programas Nacionales de Control de la Tuberculosis, Ministerios de Salud Pública. Plan Regional de Tuberculosis 2006-2015. Washington D.C.: PAHO; 2006.
How to Cite
1.
Garzón MC, Angée DY, Llerena C, Orjuela DL, Victoria JE. Surveillance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to antituberculosis drugs. biomedica [Internet]. 2008 Sep. 1 [cited 2024 May 19];28(3):319-26. Available from: https://revistabiomedica.org/index.php/biomedica/article/view/71
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Published
2008-09-01
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Original articles
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