Absence of occult hepatitis B in Colombian blood donors
Keywords:
Blood transfusion, hepatitis B, blood banks, Colombia.
Abstract
Introduction. In Colombian blood banks, screening for the surface antigen of hepatitis B is mandatory in all units collected. Testing of antibody against core antigens is not administered, although this method may be useful to detect donors infected with the hepatitis B virus.
Objective. The prevalence of occult hepatitis B was determined by applying a full-serological profile of hepatitis B virus to blood samples of blood donors.
Materials and methods. Between April 2008 and October 2009, a prospective cross sectional study was conducted using 628 samples from donors to blood banks located in four Colombian cities.
Prevalence for hepatitis B had been previously recorded for these cities. Serological screening was performed for the complete virus; then nucleic acid amplification was tested in sera that were anti-HBc reactive and with a titer of anti-HBs ≤30 mUI/ml.
Results. Of the 628 samples tested, 129 met the serological criteria established to be tested nucleic acid amplification. None of them demonstrated evidence of nucleic acid amplification of hepatitis B virus.
Conclusions. This is the first study in Colombia to detect the presence of blood donors that may be occult hepatitis B carriers. None was detected.
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References
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26. Allain JP, Candotti D. Diagnostic algorithm for HBV safe transfusion. Blood Transfus. 2009;7:174-82.
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28. Alegre D, Moreno J, Quiroga F. Infección aguda por el VHB acute infection by hepatitis B virus. An Sist Sanit Navar. 2004;27(Suppl.2):17-25.
29. O'Brien SF, Fearon MA, Yi QL, Fan W, Scalia V, Muntz IR, et al. Hepatitis B virus DNA-positive, hepatitis B surface antigen-negative blood donations intercepted by anti-hepatitis B core antigen testing: The Canadian Blood Services experience. Transfusion. 2007;47:1809-15.
30. Devesa M, Loureiro CL, Rivas Y, Monsalve F, Cardona N, Duarte MC, et al. Subgenotype diversity of hepatitis B virus American genotype F in Amerindians from Venezuela and the general population of Colombia. J Med Virol. 2008;80:20-6.
31. Colomina-Rodríguez J, González-García D, Burgos-Teruel A, Fernández-Lorenz N, Guerrero-Espejo A. Significado de la reactividad aislada anti-HBc como único marcador de infección de la hepatitis B. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2005;23:80-5.
32. Ruiz-Tachiquin ME, Valdez-Salazar HA, Juárez-Barreto V, Dehesa-Violante M, Torres J, Munoz-Hernández O, et al. Molecular analysis of hepatitis B virus "a" determinant in asymptomatic and symptomatic Mexican carriers. Virol J. 2007;4:6.
33. La'ulu SL, Roberts WL. The analytic sensitivity and mutant detection capability of six hepatitis B surface antigen assays. Am J Clin Pathol. 2006;125:748-51.
34. Halima SB, Bahri O, Maamuri N, Cheikh I, Alaya NB, Sadraoui A, et al. Serological and molecular expresion of hepatitis B infecction in patients with chronic hepatitis C from Tunisia, North Africa. Virology J. 2010;7:229.
2. Lavanchy D. Worldwide epidemiology of HBV infection, disease burden, and vaccine prevention. J Clin Virol. 2005;34(Suppl.1):S1-3.
3. Ferir G, Kaptein S, Neyts J, De Clercq E. Antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infections: The past, the present and the future. Rev Med Virol. 2008;18:19-34.
4. Shepard CW, Simard EP, Finelli L, Fiore AE, Bell BP. Hepatitis B virus infection: Epidemiology and vaccination. Epidemiol Rev. 2006;28:112-25.
5. De la Hoz F, Pérez L, de Neira M, Hall AJ. Eight years of hepatitis B vaccination in Colombia with a recombinant vaccine: Factors influencing hepatitis B virus infection and effectiveness. Int J Infect Dis. 2008;12:183-9.
6. Beltrán M, Arbeláez MP, Donando J, Jaramillo S, De la Hoz F, Estrada C, et al. Seroprevalencia de infección por virus de la hepatitis B y por virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana en una población de pacientes con múltiples transfusiones en cuatro hospitales, Colombia, Sur América. Biomédica. 2009;29:232-43.
7. Allain JP. Occult hepatitis B virus infection: Implications in transfusion. Vox Sang. 2004;86:83-91.
8. Liu CJ, Chen DS, Chen PJ. Epidemiology of HBV infection in Asian blood donors: Emphasis on occult HBV infection and the role of NAT. J Clin Virol. 2006;36(Suppl.1):S33-44.
9. Pereira JS, Goncales NS, Silva C, Lazarini MS, Pavan MH, Fais VC, et al. HBV vaccination of HCV-infected patients with occult HBV infection and anti-HBc-positive blood donors. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2006;39:525-31.
10. Gutiérrez C, León G, Loureiro CL, Uzcátegui N, Liprandi F, Pujol FH. Hepatitis B virus DNA in blood samples positive for antibodies to core antigen and negative for surface antigen. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1999;6:768-70.
11. Bhatti FA, Ullah Z, Salamat N, Ayub M, Ghani E. Antihepatits B core antigen testing, viral markers, and occult hepatitis B virus infection in Pakistani blood donors: Implications for transfusion practice. Transfusion. 2007;47:74-9.
12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Provisional public health service inter-agency recommendations for screening donated blood and plasma antibody to virus causing acquired inmunodeficiency syndrome. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1985;34:1-5.
13. Beltrán M, Ayala, M. Evaluación externa de los resultados serológicos en los bancos de sangre de Colombia. Rev Panam Salud Pública. 2003;13:138-43.
14. Comanor L, Holland P. Hepatitis B virus blood screening: Unfinished agendas. Vox Sang. 2006;91:1-12.
15. Yang MH, Li L, Hung YS, Hung CS, Allain JP, Lin KS, et al. The efficacy of individual-donation and minipool testing to detect low-level hepatitis B virus DNA in Taiwan. Transfusion. 2009;50:65-74.
16. Bihl F, Castelli D, Marincola F, Dodd RY, Brander C. Transfusion-transmitted infections. J Transl Med. 2007;5:25.
17. Ramia S, Mokhbat J, Ramlawi F, El-Zaatari M. Occult hepatitis B virus infection in HIV-infected Lebanese patients with isolated antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen. Int J STD AIDS. 2008;19:197-9.
18. Ministerio de Salud. Decreto 1571 de 1993 "Sangre segura para todos". Bogotá: Ministerio de Salud; 1993.
19. Beltrán M. Prevalencia de anticuerpos contra el antígeno central de hepatitis b (anti-HBc) en donantes de 11 bancos seccionales de sangre, enero a agosto de 1997. Inf Quinc Nac Epidemiol Nac. 1997;2:249-351.
20. Bhattacharya P, Chandra PK, Datta S, Banerjee A, Chakraborty S, Rajendran K, et al. Significant increase in HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis infections among blood donors in West Bengal, Eastern India 2004-2005: Exploratory screening reveals high frequency of occult HBV infection. World J Gastroenterol. 2007;13:3730-3.
21. Ohhashi Y, Pai A, Halait H, Ziermann R. Analytical and clinical performance evaluation of the cobas TaqScreen MPX test for use on the cobas s 201 system. J Virol Methods.165:246-53.
22. Monsalve-Castillo F, Echevarría JM, Atencio R, Suárez A, Estávez J, Costa-León L, et al. High prevalence of hepatitis B infection in Amerindians in Japreira, Zulia State, Venezuela. Cad Saude Publica. 2008;24:1183-6.
23. El Khouri M, Duarte LS, Ribeiro RB, da Silva LF, Camargo LM, dos Santos VA, et al. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus in Monte Negro in the Brazilian western Amazon region. Clinics. 2005;60:29-36.
24. De la Hoz F. Comportamiento de la notificación por SIVIGILA para hepatitis B, 1997-2001. Inf Quinc Epidemiol Nac. 2001;6:253-68.
25. Hollinger FB, Sood G. Occult hepatitis B virus infection: A covert operation. J Viral Hepat. 2010;17:1-15.
26. Allain JP, Candotti D. Diagnostic algorithm for HBV safe transfusion. Blood Transfus. 2009;7:174-82.
27. Hollinger FB. Hepatitis B virus infection and transfusion medicine: Science and the occult. Transfusion. 2008;48:1001-26.
28. Alegre D, Moreno J, Quiroga F. Infección aguda por el VHB acute infection by hepatitis B virus. An Sist Sanit Navar. 2004;27(Suppl.2):17-25.
29. O'Brien SF, Fearon MA, Yi QL, Fan W, Scalia V, Muntz IR, et al. Hepatitis B virus DNA-positive, hepatitis B surface antigen-negative blood donations intercepted by anti-hepatitis B core antigen testing: The Canadian Blood Services experience. Transfusion. 2007;47:1809-15.
30. Devesa M, Loureiro CL, Rivas Y, Monsalve F, Cardona N, Duarte MC, et al. Subgenotype diversity of hepatitis B virus American genotype F in Amerindians from Venezuela and the general population of Colombia. J Med Virol. 2008;80:20-6.
31. Colomina-Rodríguez J, González-García D, Burgos-Teruel A, Fernández-Lorenz N, Guerrero-Espejo A. Significado de la reactividad aislada anti-HBc como único marcador de infección de la hepatitis B. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2005;23:80-5.
32. Ruiz-Tachiquin ME, Valdez-Salazar HA, Juárez-Barreto V, Dehesa-Violante M, Torres J, Munoz-Hernández O, et al. Molecular analysis of hepatitis B virus "a" determinant in asymptomatic and symptomatic Mexican carriers. Virol J. 2007;4:6.
33. La'ulu SL, Roberts WL. The analytic sensitivity and mutant detection capability of six hepatitis B surface antigen assays. Am J Clin Pathol. 2006;125:748-51.
34. Halima SB, Bahri O, Maamuri N, Cheikh I, Alaya NB, Sadraoui A, et al. Serological and molecular expresion of hepatitis B infecction in patients with chronic hepatitis C from Tunisia, North Africa. Virology J. 2010;7:229.
How to Cite
1.
Beltrán M, Berrío-Pérez M, Bermúdez MI, Rey-Benito G, Camacho B, Forero P, et al. Absence of occult hepatitis B in Colombian blood donors. biomedica [Internet]. 2011 Jun. 30 [cited 2024 May 18];31(4):580-9. Available from: https://revistabiomedica.org/index.php/biomedica/article/view/446
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