Neuronal dentritic morphology alterations in the cerebral cortex of rabies-infected mice: a Golgi study
Keywords:
rabies, rabies virus, cerebral cortex, neurons, neuroanatomy, histological techniques
Abstract
Introduction. The neurological signs of rabies are very dramatic. Nevertheless, the infected brain manifests only very subtle histological changes.Objective. The neuronal morphology in the cerebral cortex of rabies-infected mice was examined by means the Golgi technique for detection of neuropathy.
Materials and methods. Two groups of mice were inoculated with rabies-one with street virus isolated from an infected dog and the second with fixed CVS (challenge virus standard) virus. At the terminal phase of illness, the animals were sacrificed and fixed for histological staining by perfusion with paraformaldehyde. Next, the brains were treated by the Golgi technique and coronal sections were obtained. Neurons enclosed within 1 mm2 frames of the frontal cortex sections were counted and the sizes of the cellular bodies were measured. Photographs of several depth levels from the sections were obtained.
Results. Cortical pyramidal neurons showed distinctive morphological alterations in the soma and dendrites (including loss of dendritic spines) in 12.9% of cells from intracerebral infectedmice
with street virus; in 8.2% of neurons from intramuscular infected-mice with street virus, and in 31.8% of neurons from mice injected intramusculary with fixed virus. In addition, the number of neurons impregnated by the Golgi technique in infected brains was considerably lower than in the non-infected samples.
Conclusions. Rabies virus can induce structural neuron damage. The infection also appears to induce tissue changes that interfere with the chemical mechanisms of the Golgi silver impregnation method.
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References
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16. Torres-Fernández O, Yepes GE, Gómez JE, Pimienta HJ. Efecto de la infección por el virus de la rabia sobre la expresión de parvoalbúmina, calbindina y calretinina en la corteza cerebral de ratones. Biomédica. 2004;24:63-78.
17. Torre-Fernández O, Yepes GE, Gómez JE, Pimienta HJ. Calbindin distribution in cortical and subcortical brain structures of normal and rabiesinfected mice. Int J Neurosci. 2005;115:1375-82.
18. Sarmiento L, Rodríguez G, de Serna C, Boshell J, Orozco L. Detection of rabies virus antigens in tissue: immunoenzimatic method. Patología. 1999;37:7-10.
19. DeFelipe J, Fairén A. Synaptic connections of an interneuron with axonal arcades in the cat visual cortex. J Neurocytol. 1988;17:313-23.
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23. Montgomery MM, Dean AF, Taffs F, Stott EJ, Lantos PL, Luthert PJ. Progressive dendritic pathology in cynomolgus macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol.
1999;25:11-9.
24. Li XQ, Sarmento L, Fu ZF. Degeneration of neuronal processes after infection with pathogenic, but not attenuated, rabies viruses. J Virol. 2005;79:10063-8.
25. Liu Q, Xie F, Siedlak SL, Nunomura A, Honda K, Moreira PI, et al. Neurofilament proteins in neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2004;61:3057-75.
26. Miyamoto K, Matsumoto S. Comparative studies between pathogenesis of street and fixed rabies infection. J Exp Med. 1967;125:447-56.
27. Rodríguez G. Microscopía electrónica de la infección viral. Bogotá: Instituto Nacional de Salud; 1983. p.119-39.
28. Fairén A. Pioneering a golden age of cerebral microcircuits: the births of the combined Golgi-electron microscope methods. Neuroscience. 2005;136:607-14.
29. Angulo A, Merchán JA, Molina M. Golgi-Colonnier method: correlation of the degree of chromium reduction and pH change with quality of staining. J Histochem Cytochem. 1994;42:393-403.
30. Gibb R, Kolb B. A method for vibratome sectioning of Golgi-Cox stained whole rat brain. J Neurosci Methods. 1998;79:1-4.
31. Cook SC, Wellman CL. Chronic stress alters dendritic morphology in rat medial prefrontal cortex. J Neurobiol. 2004;60:236-48.
32. Martínez-Téllez R, Gómez-Villalobos M de J, Flores G. Alteration in dendritic morphology of cortical neurons in rats with diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin. Brain Res. 2005;1048:108-15.
33. Flores G, Alquicer G, Silva-Gómez AB, Zaldivar G, Stewart J, Quirion R, et al. Alterations in dendritic morphology of prefrontal cortical and nucleus accumbens neurons in post-pubertal rats after neonatal excitotoxic lesions of the ventral hippocampus. Neuroscience. 2005;133:463-70.
2. Iwasaki Y, Tobita M. Pathology. En: Jackson AC,Wunner WH, editores. Rabies. San Diego: Academic Press; 2002. p.283-306.
3. Fu ZF, Jackson AC. Neuronal dysfunction and death in rabies virus infection. J Neurovirol. 2005;11:101-6.
4. Tsiang H. Pathophysiology of rabies virus infection of the nervous system. Adv Virus Res. 1993;42:375-412.
5. Braak H, Braak E. Golgi preparations as a tool in neuropathology with particular reference to investigations of the human telencephalic cortex. Prog Neurobiol. 1985;25:93-139.
6. Jagadha V, Becker L. Dendritic pathology: an overview of Golgi studies in man. Can J Neurol Sci. 1989;16:41-50.
7. Scheibel ME, Scheibel AB. The rapid Golgi method. Indian summer or renaissance? En: Nauta WJ, Ebbesson SO, editores. Contemporary research methods in neuroanatomy. New York: Springer-Verlag;
1970. p.1-11.
8. Millhouse OE. The Golgi methods. En: Heimer L, Robards MJ, editores. Neuroanatomical tract-tracing methods 1. New York: Plenum Press; 1981. p.311-44.
9. Fairén A, Smith-Fernández A, DeDiego I. Organización sináptica de neuronas morfológicamente identificadas: el método de Golgi en microscopía electrónica. En: Armengol JA, Miñano FJ, editores.
Bases experimentales para el estudio del sistema nervioso. Vol 1. Sevilla: Secretariado de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Sevilla; 1996. p.17-56.
10. Pannese E. The Golgi stain: invention, diffusion and impact on neurosciences. J Hist Neurosci. 1999;8:132-40.
11. Valverde F. Golgi atlas of the postnatal mouse brain. Viena: Springer-Verlag; 1998.
12. Torres-Fernández O. La técnica de impregnación argéntica de Golgi. Conmemoración del centenario del Premio Nóbel de Medicina (1906) compartido por Camillo Golgi y Santiago Ramón y Cajal. Biomédica. 2006;26:498-508.
13. Peters A, Palay SL, Webster H. The fine structure of the nervous system. Neurons and their supporting cells. New York: Oxford University Press; 1991.
14. Golgi C. Ueber die pathologische histologie der rabies experimentalis. Berliner Klinische Wochenschrift. 1894;31:325-31.
15. Páez A, Núñez C, García C, Boshell J. Epidemiología molecular de epizootias de rabia en Colombia, 1994-2002: evidencia de rabia humana y canina asociada a quirópteros. Biomédica. 2003;23:19-30.
16. Torres-Fernández O, Yepes GE, Gómez JE, Pimienta HJ. Efecto de la infección por el virus de la rabia sobre la expresión de parvoalbúmina, calbindina y calretinina en la corteza cerebral de ratones. Biomédica. 2004;24:63-78.
17. Torre-Fernández O, Yepes GE, Gómez JE, Pimienta HJ. Calbindin distribution in cortical and subcortical brain structures of normal and rabiesinfected mice. Int J Neurosci. 2005;115:1375-82.
18. Sarmiento L, Rodríguez G, de Serna C, Boshell J, Orozco L. Detection of rabies virus antigens in tissue: immunoenzimatic method. Patología. 1999;37:7-10.
19. DeFelipe J, Fairén A. Synaptic connections of an interneuron with axonal arcades in the cat visual cortex. J Neurocytol. 1988;17:313-23.
20. Feldman ML. Morphology of the neocortical pyramidal neuron. En: Peters A, Jones EG, editores. Cerebral cortex. Cellular components of the cerebral cortex. Vol. 1. New York: Plenum Press; 1984. p.123-200.
21. Armstrong DD. Rett syndrome neuropathology review 2000. Brain Dev. 2001;23 (Suppl.1):S72-S6.
22. Broadbelt K, Byne W, Jones LB. Evidence for a decrease in basilar dendrites of pyramidal cells in schizophrenic medial prefrontal cortex. Schizophr Res. 2002;58:75-81.
23. Montgomery MM, Dean AF, Taffs F, Stott EJ, Lantos PL, Luthert PJ. Progressive dendritic pathology in cynomolgus macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol.
1999;25:11-9.
24. Li XQ, Sarmento L, Fu ZF. Degeneration of neuronal processes after infection with pathogenic, but not attenuated, rabies viruses. J Virol. 2005;79:10063-8.
25. Liu Q, Xie F, Siedlak SL, Nunomura A, Honda K, Moreira PI, et al. Neurofilament proteins in neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2004;61:3057-75.
26. Miyamoto K, Matsumoto S. Comparative studies between pathogenesis of street and fixed rabies infection. J Exp Med. 1967;125:447-56.
27. Rodríguez G. Microscopía electrónica de la infección viral. Bogotá: Instituto Nacional de Salud; 1983. p.119-39.
28. Fairén A. Pioneering a golden age of cerebral microcircuits: the births of the combined Golgi-electron microscope methods. Neuroscience. 2005;136:607-14.
29. Angulo A, Merchán JA, Molina M. Golgi-Colonnier method: correlation of the degree of chromium reduction and pH change with quality of staining. J Histochem Cytochem. 1994;42:393-403.
30. Gibb R, Kolb B. A method for vibratome sectioning of Golgi-Cox stained whole rat brain. J Neurosci Methods. 1998;79:1-4.
31. Cook SC, Wellman CL. Chronic stress alters dendritic morphology in rat medial prefrontal cortex. J Neurobiol. 2004;60:236-48.
32. Martínez-Téllez R, Gómez-Villalobos M de J, Flores G. Alteration in dendritic morphology of cortical neurons in rats with diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin. Brain Res. 2005;1048:108-15.
33. Flores G, Alquicer G, Silva-Gómez AB, Zaldivar G, Stewart J, Quirion R, et al. Alterations in dendritic morphology of prefrontal cortical and nucleus accumbens neurons in post-pubertal rats after neonatal excitotoxic lesions of the ventral hippocampus. Neuroscience. 2005;133:463-70.
How to Cite
1.
Torres-Fernández O, Yepes GE, Gómez JE. Neuronal dentritic morphology alterations in the cerebral cortex of rabies-infected mice: a Golgi study. biomedica [Internet]. 2007 Dec. 1 [cited 2024 May 17];27(4):605-13. Available from: https://revistabiomedica.org/index.php/biomedica/article/view/177
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2007-12-01
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