Percentile values for physical condition for Cali, Colombian children and adolescents
Keywords:
Physical fitness, child, adolescent, Colombia
Abstract
Introduction. Baseline data for physical condition are not available for adolescents in Cali, Colombia.
Objective. This study aimed to develop representative age- and sex- specific percentile baseline data for physical condition (mL•kg-1•min-1) for urban adolescents aged 10-16 years.
Materials and methods. The sample (n=1,773) consisted of 865 males and 908 females from the cross-sectional population survey, the IFRECNTEC Study (Identification of Risk Factors of Non-Transmissible Adult Chronic Diseases in School-age Populations in the City of de Cali), for whom the data for physical condition were recorded. Smoothed age- and sex- specific 5th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 95th centile values where derived using least mean squares regression analysis.
Results. Percentile-based reference data for physical condition were presented for adolescent Colombian boys and girls for the first time. In males, the p50 of the PWC-170 (VO2max) ranged 49-43, and in females 52-40. A decreasing trend (~10%) in the p50 was seen in both sexes over 16 years of age. In general, more heterogeneity was present among males than females in terms of physical aptitude through VO2max test.
Conclusion. The results established a baseline level of physical condition in adolescents that can be interpreted as an indicator of future cardiovascular health. They also recommend that the physical condition of Colombian adolescents must be improved to protect against cardiovascular disease in adulthood.
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References
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2. McVean JJ, Carrel AL, Eickhoff JC, Allen DB. Fitness level and body composition are associated with inflammation in non-obese children. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2009;22:153-9.
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25. Trudeau F, Laurencelle L, Shephard RJ. Is fitness level in childhood associated with physical activity level as an adult? Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2009;21:329-38.
26. Rowland TW, Rambusch JM, Staab JS, Unnithan VB, Siconolfi SF. Accuracy of physical working capacity (PWC170) in estimating aerobic fitness in children. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1993;33:184-8.
27. Weiner JS, Lourie JA. Practical human biology. Londres: Academic Press; 1981.
28. Cole TJ. The LMS method for constructing normalized growth standards. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1990;44:45-60.
29. Castillo MJ, Ortega FB, Ruiz JR. La mejora de la forma física como terapia anti-envejecimiento. Med Clin (Barc). 2005;124:146-55.
30. Casajús JA, Leiva MT, Ferrando JA, Moreno L, Aragonés MT, Ara JI. Relación entre la condición física cardiovascular y la distribución de grasa en niños y adolescentes. APUNTS. 2006;149:7-14.
31. González-Gross M, Ruiz JR, Moreno LA, De Rufino-Rivas P, Garaulet M, Mesana MI, et al. Body composition and physical performance of Spanish adolescents: The AVENA pilot study. Acta Diabetol. 2003;40 (Suppl.1):S299-301.
32. Twisk JW, Kemper HC, van Mechelen W. Prediction of cardiovascular disease risk factors later in life by physical activity and physical fitness in youth: general comments and conclusions. Int J Sports Med. 2002;23(Suppl 1):44-9.
33. Rowland TW. Effects of obesity on aerobic fitness in adolescent females. Am J Dis Child. 1991;145:764-68.
34. Hasselstrøm H, Hansen SE, Froberg K, Andersen LB. Physical fitness and physical activity during adolescence as predictors of cardiovascular disease risk in young adulthood. Danish youth and sports study. An eight-year follow-up study. Int J Sports Med. 2002;23(Suppl.1):27-31.
35. The Cooper Institute for Aerobics Research. FITNESSGRAM test administration manual. Champaign: Human Kinetics; 1999. p. 38-9.
2. McVean JJ, Carrel AL, Eickhoff JC, Allen DB. Fitness level and body composition are associated with inflammation in non-obese children. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2009;22:153-9.
3. Blair SN, Cheng Y, Holder JS. Is physical activity or physical fitness more important than defining health benefits? Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001;33:S379-99.
4. Kelly AS, Wetzsteon RJ, Kaiser DR, Steinberger J, Bank AJ, Dengel DR. Inflammation, insulin, and endothelial function in overweight children: The role of exercise. J Pediatr. 2004;45:731-6.
5. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Salud en las Américas. Washington D.C.: OPS; 2007. Fecha de consulta: 10 de noviembre de 2009. Disponible en: http://www.per.ops-oms.org/sea-07/SEA-2007-3.pdf.
6. Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar. Encuesta Nacional de la Situación Nutricional en Colombia. Estado nutricional por valores antropométricos. Fecha de consulta: 1º de octubre de 2009. Disponible en: http://www.presidencia.gov.co/sne/2005/noviembre/08/general.pdf.
7. Jebb SA, Moore MS. Contribution of a sedentary lifestyle and inactivity to the etiology of overweight and obesity: Current evidence and research issues. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999;31(Suppl.):S534-41.
8. DeFronzo RA, Ferrannini E. Insulin resistance: A multi-faceted syndrome responsible for NIDDM, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerotic cardio-vascular disease. Diabetes Care. 1991;14:173-94.
9. Ortega FB, Ruiz JR, Castillo MJ, Moreno LA, González-Gross M, Wärnberg J, et al. Low level of physical fitness in Spanish adolescents. Relevance for future cardiovascular health (AVENA study). Rev Esp Cardiol. 2005;58:898-9.
10. Twisk JW, Kemper HC, van Mechelen W. The relationship between physical fitness and physical activity during adolescence and cardiovascular disease risk factors at adult age. Int J Sports Med. 2002;23(Suppl.1):8-14.
11. Lefevre J, Philippaerts R, Delvaux K, Thomis M, Claessens AL, Lysens R, et al. Relation between cardiovascular risk factors at adult age, and physical activity during youth and adulthood: The Leuven Longitudinal Study on Lifestyle, Fitness and Health. Int J Sports Med. 2002;23(Suppl.1):32-8.
12. Nielsen GA, Andersen LB. The association between high blood pressure, physical fitness, and body mass index in adolescents. Prev Med. 2003;36:229-34.
13. Wedderkopp N, Froberg K, Hansen HS, Riddoch C, Andersen LB. Cardiovascular risk factors cluster in children and adolescents with low physical fitness: The European Youth Heart Study (EYHS). Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2003;15:419-27.
14. Tomkinson GR, Olds TS, Gulbin J. Secular trends in physical performance of Australian children. Evidence from the Talent Search program. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2003;43:90-8.
15. Koutedakis Y, Bouziotas C. National physical education curriculum: Motor and cardiovascular health related fitness in Greek adolescents. Br J Sports Med. 2003;37:311-4.
16. Ekelund U, Poortvliet E, Nilsson A, Yngve A, Holmberg A, Sjostrom M. Physical activity in relation to aerobic fitness and body fat in 14- to 15-year-old boys and girls. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2001;85:195-201.
17. Guerra S, Ribeiro JC, Costa R, Duarte J, Mota J. Relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition and blood pressure in school children. J Sport Med Phy Fitness. 2002;42:207-13.
18. Al-Hazzaa HM. Development of maximal cardiorespiratory function in Saudi boys. A cross-sectional analysis. Saudi Med J. 2001;22:875-81.
19. Matsuzaka A, Takahasi Y, Yamazoe M, Kumakura N, Ikeda A, Wilk B, et al. Validity of the multistage 20-m shuttle-run test for Japanese children, adolescents, and adults. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2004;16:113-25.
20. Barnett A, Bacon-Shone J, Tam KH, Leung M, Armstrong N. Peak oxygen uptake of 12-18-year-old boys living in a densely populated urban environment. Ann Hum Biol. 1995;22:525-32.
21. Beets M, Pitetti K. A comparison of shuttle-run performance between Midwestern youth and their national and international counterparts. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2004;16:94-112.
22. Eisenmann JC, Malina RM. Secular trend in peak oxygen consumption among United States youth in the 20th century. Am J Hum Biol. 2002;14:699-706.
23. Ortega FB, Artero EG, Ruiz JR, España-Romero V, Jiménez-Pavón D, Vicente-Rodríguez G, et al. Physical fitness levels among European adolescents: The HELENA study. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45:20-9.
24. Gracia B, de Plata C, Méndez F, Cruz M, Leiva J, Conde L, et al. Evaluation of early manifestations of chronic no transmitted diseases risk in school population in Cali - Colombia. Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2005;55:267-78.
25. Trudeau F, Laurencelle L, Shephard RJ. Is fitness level in childhood associated with physical activity level as an adult? Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2009;21:329-38.
26. Rowland TW, Rambusch JM, Staab JS, Unnithan VB, Siconolfi SF. Accuracy of physical working capacity (PWC170) in estimating aerobic fitness in children. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1993;33:184-8.
27. Weiner JS, Lourie JA. Practical human biology. Londres: Academic Press; 1981.
28. Cole TJ. The LMS method for constructing normalized growth standards. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1990;44:45-60.
29. Castillo MJ, Ortega FB, Ruiz JR. La mejora de la forma física como terapia anti-envejecimiento. Med Clin (Barc). 2005;124:146-55.
30. Casajús JA, Leiva MT, Ferrando JA, Moreno L, Aragonés MT, Ara JI. Relación entre la condición física cardiovascular y la distribución de grasa en niños y adolescentes. APUNTS. 2006;149:7-14.
31. González-Gross M, Ruiz JR, Moreno LA, De Rufino-Rivas P, Garaulet M, Mesana MI, et al. Body composition and physical performance of Spanish adolescents: The AVENA pilot study. Acta Diabetol. 2003;40 (Suppl.1):S299-301.
32. Twisk JW, Kemper HC, van Mechelen W. Prediction of cardiovascular disease risk factors later in life by physical activity and physical fitness in youth: general comments and conclusions. Int J Sports Med. 2002;23(Suppl 1):44-9.
33. Rowland TW. Effects of obesity on aerobic fitness in adolescent females. Am J Dis Child. 1991;145:764-68.
34. Hasselstrøm H, Hansen SE, Froberg K, Andersen LB. Physical fitness and physical activity during adolescence as predictors of cardiovascular disease risk in young adulthood. Danish youth and sports study. An eight-year follow-up study. Int J Sports Med. 2002;23(Suppl.1):27-31.
35. The Cooper Institute for Aerobics Research. FITNESSGRAM test administration manual. Champaign: Human Kinetics; 1999. p. 38-9.
How to Cite
1.
Aguilar AC, Pradilla A, Mosquera M, Gracia AB, Ortega JG, Leiva JH, et al. Percentile values for physical condition for Cali, Colombian children and adolescents. biomedica [Internet]. 2011 Mar. 7 [cited 2024 May 18];31(2):242-9. Available from: https://revistabiomedica.org/index.php/biomedica/article/view/318
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