Clinical characterization of patients with severe leptospirosis in a tertiary hospital in Cali, Colombia, 2010-2016

Jorge Cedano, Sarita Rodríguez, Winy Kujundzic, Juan Sebastián Arana, Robinson Pacheco, Fernando Rosso, .

Keywords: Leptospira, leptospirosis/diagnosis, spirochaetales, Weil disease, risk factors

Abstract

Introduction: Leptospirosis is an endemic bacterial infection in Colombia. Its clinical course can be variable and occasionally fatal. There are few studies in the country about severe cases of leptospirosis.
Objectives: To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with a diagnosis of leptospirosis, and their management in a high complexity hospital.
Materials and methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study of patients with a serologic diagnosis of leptospirosis between 2010 and 2016.
Results: We analyzed 87 patients, 74% of them were men, and 84% were older than 18 years; 35% had a comorbidity, the most common being arterial hypertension (16%) and diabetes mellitus (9%). The most frequent symptoms were fever, nausea, fatigue, myalgia, arthralgia, and abdominal pain. The majority of patients required hospitalization in general wards (61%), with a median stay of six days; 34% required management in the intensive care unit, with a median stay of five days. Mortality was 1.1% (n=1). All patients received treatment with either ceftriaxone or doxycycline.
Conclusions: There is a risk of leptospira infections having a late diagnosis given their unspecific clinical presentation, which generates a high number of differential diagnoses. The early management in the intensive care unit could decrease the incidence of complications and the mortality of patients with leptospirosis.

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  • Jorge Cedano Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Fundación Clínica Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
  • Sarita Rodríguez Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Fundación Clínica Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
  • Winy Kujundzic Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
  • Juan Sebastián Arana Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
  • Robinson Pacheco Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Fundación Clínica Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
  • Fernando Rosso Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Fundación Clínica Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia; Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina Interna-Infectología, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia

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How to Cite
1.
Cedano J, Rodríguez S, Kujundzic W, Arana JS, Pacheco R, Rosso F. Clinical characterization of patients with severe leptospirosis in a tertiary hospital in Cali, Colombia, 2010-2016. biomedica [Internet]. 2019 May 1 [cited 2024 May 11];39(Sp. 1):108-16. Available from: https://revistabiomedica.org/index.php/biomedica/article/view/3985

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Published
2019-05-01

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