Characterization of malaria mortality in Valle del Cauca, 2005-2006
Keywords:
Malaria/mortality, malaria/prevention and control, health services, primary health care, epidemiology.
Abstract
Introduction. Valle del Cauca is one of the states in Colombia that reports a high number of deaths due to malaria. Understanding the basis of malarial deaths is useful for assessing the efficacy of the health system and to identify areas where improvements are necessary to decrease malaria mortality.Objective. Potential determinants of mortality in malaria cases are characterized in a demographic study centered in Valle del Cauca.
Materials and methods. A descriptive analysis was directed to 25 cases of malaria death occurring in Valle del Cauca during 2005 and 2006.
Results. The mean age was 31.3 years (range, 2 to 71 yr), 11 were women (1 pregnant), 11 were from the malaria-endemic port of Buenaventura, and 5 from other Pacific coastal states. After entering the health system facility, the standard malaria diagnostic, the thick smear, was not ordered for 7 cases at any time during the treatment period. In cases where a thick smear was taken at first contact, 11 had a positive and 5 had a negative initial report. Cerebral malaria (7/18 cases) and renal failure (6/18 cases) were the most frequent complications. During hospitalization, 13/18 cases developed other complications, mainly acute lung edema (8/18 cases) and shock (5/18 cases).
Conclusions. Failures in primary health care of patients with malaria were recognized. This information has been used to implement actions aimed at improving initial care of malaria subjects in the health services of Valle del Cauca. The study recommends that other states in Colombia increase their efforts to decrease malaria mortality.
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References
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25. Amadeï E, Bouvenot J, Durand AC, Bongiovanni I, Haro J, Giraud C, et al. Attitude and behavior of health services users in the face of real or perceived emergencies. Sante Publique. 2004;16:63-74.
2. Bremen JG, Alilo MS, Mills A. Conquering the intolerable burden of malaria: what’s new, what’s needed: a summary. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2004;71:1-15.
3. Pan American Health Organization. Annual malaria cases and deaths in the Americas: 1998-2006. Washington D.C.: PAHO; 2006. Fecha de consulta: febrero de 2008. Disponible en: http://www.paho.org/English/AD/DPC/CD/mal-cases-deaths-1998-2006.pdf
4. Pan American Health Organization. Status report on Malaria Program in the Americas. 44th Directing Council. Washington, D.C.: Pan American Health Organization; 2003.
5. Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia en Salud Pública. Informe final de Malaria, 2006. Bogotá, D.C.: INS; 2006.
6. Zambrano P. Informe final de Malaria en Colombia 2005. Semana 1 a 52. Inf Quinc Epidemiol Nac. 2006;11:49-53.
7. Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística. Registro único de certificados de defunción 2000-2006. Bogotá D.C.: DANE; 2006.
8. Departamento Nacional de Planeación. Metas y estrategias de Colombia para el logro de los objetivos de desarrollo del milenio-2015. Conpes 91. Bogotá, D.C.: DNP; 2005.
9. Gajalakshmi V, Peto R. Verbal autopsy of 80,000 adult deaths in Tamilnadu, South India. BMC Public Health. 2004;4:47.
10. Berg C, Danel I, Mora G. Guías para la vigilancia epidemiológica de la mortalidad materna. Washington D.C.: Organización Panamericana de la Salud; 1998.
11. Illey K. Malaria deaths are the hardest to count. Bull World Health Organ. 2006;84:165-6.
12. Instituto Nacional de Salud. Subdirección de Vigilancia y Control. Protocolo de Vigilancia de Malaria. Bogotá D.C.: INS; 2007. Fecha de consulta: febrero de 2008. Disponible en:http://www.ins.gov.co/?idcategoria=5620#
13. Baird K. Neglect of Plasmodium vivax malaria. Trends Parasitol.2007;23:533-9.
14. Starfield B. Atenção primária: equilíbrio entre necessidades de saúde, serviçios e tecnologia. Brasília: UNESCO, Ministerio de Saúde; 2002.
15. Gérvas J, Pérez M. Atención primaria fuerte: fundamento clínico, epidemiológico y social en los países desarrollados y en desarrollo. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2006;9:384-400.
16. Ariey F, Hommel D, Le Scanf C, Duchemin JB, Peneau C, Hulin A, et al. Association of severe malaria with specific Plasmodium falciparum genotype in French Guiana. J Infect Dis. 2001;184:237-41.
17. Luxemburger C, Ricci F, Nosten F, Riamond D, Bathet S, White NJ. The epidemiology of severe malaria in an area of low transmission in Thailand. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1997;91:256-62.
18. Artavanis-Tsakonas K, Tongren JE, Riley EM. The war between the malaria parasite and the immune response: immunity, immnunoregulation and immunopathology. Clin Exp Immunol. 2002;33:145-52.
19. Sankar A. Nutritional modulation of malaria morbidity and mortality. J Infect Dis. 2000;182:S37-63.
20. Carme B, Plassart H, Senga P, Nzingoula S. Cerebral malaria in African children: socioeconomic risk factors in Brazzaville, Congo. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1994;50:131-6.
21. Mehta U, Durheim DN, Blumberg L, Donohue S, Hansford F, Mabuza A, et al. Malaria deaths as sentinel events to monitor healthcare delivery and antimalarial drug safety. Trop Med Int Health. 2007;12:617-28.
22. Reilley B, Abeyasinghe R, Pakianathar MV. Barriers to prompt and effective treatment of malaria in northern Sri Lanka. Trop Med Int Health. 2002;7:744-9.
23. Almeida NJ, Araujo FJ, Kobal CR, Monteiro AI, Rodarte AR, Zicker F. Malaria grave por P. falciparum. Avaliação das falhas no diagnóstico e na conduta terapêutica em pacientes antes de sua internação em Hospital de Referência. Rev Patol Trop. 1995;24:1-9.
24. Reyburn H, Mbatia R, Drakeley C, Bruce J, Carneiro I, Olomi R, et al. Association of transmission intensity and age with clinical manifestations and case fatality of severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria. JAMA. 2005;293:1461-70.
25. Amadeï E, Bouvenot J, Durand AC, Bongiovanni I, Haro J, Giraud C, et al. Attitude and behavior of health services users in the face of real or perceived emergencies. Sante Publique. 2004;16:63-74.
How to Cite
1.
Osorio L, Fernández JA, Murillo O, Escobar H, Bustamante P, Agudelo H, et al. Characterization of malaria mortality in Valle del Cauca, 2005-2006. biomedica [Internet]. 2009 Dec. 1 [cited 2024 May 11];29(4):582-90. Available from: https://revistabiomedica.org/index.php/biomedica/article/view/136
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Published
2009-12-01
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